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- 75 percent of all dementia cases go undiagnosed across the globe, up to 90 percent in low- and middle-income countries
- Clinician stigma is still a major barrier to diagnosis, with one in three believing nothing can be done
- 90 percent of clinicians identified additional diagnosis delays due to COVID-19
- Tsunami of demand for dementia diagnosis set to overwhelm healthcare systems as dementia drugs become available, and diagnosis testing is transformed
A new report has found that an estimated 41 million cases of dementia across the globe are undiagnosed, and new treatment breakthroughs could result in an oncoming 鈥榯sunami of demand鈥� for diagnosis, which could overwhelm unprepared healthcare systems worldwide, say Alzheimer鈥檚 Disease International (ADI), the global federation for over 100 Alzheimer鈥檚 and dementia associations across the world.
不良研究所 in Montreal, Canada was commissioned to deliver ADI鈥檚 annual World Alzheimer Report 2021 鈥�Journey through the diagnosis of dementia鈥�, which finds that 75 percent of 55 million people with dementia are not diagnosed worldwide. This figure is as high as 90 percent in lower-to-middle-income (LMIC) countries.
For the first time in decades, a new drug treatment for Alzheimer鈥檚 disease is on the market in the US, with the FDA conditionally approving aducanumab for use in early Alzheimer鈥檚 patient populations. Without a diagnosis, many people living with dementia worldwide may not be able to access new treatment breakthroughs.
Furthermore, blood biomarker testing for dementia diagnosis is expected to be available in the coming years, making diagnosis more accurate than ever before. 不良研究所 Professor Emeritus and World Alzheimer Report author Serge Gauthier says these new diagnostic tools will increase pressure on healthcare systems to provide diagnoses.
鈥淭he emergence of quicker, easier, cheaper, less invasive blood biomarker diagnostic tools will combine with emerging drug treatments and the global ageing population to create a tsunami of demand for diagnosis, putting extreme pressure on healthcare systems,鈥� says Professor Gauthier. 鈥淣ow that for the first time in decades, an Alzheimer鈥檚 drug treatment targeting a key protein involved in the disease process is available in the US and may soon be available in other parts of the world, people will not be able to access them without an accurate diagnosis.鈥�
According to the new , dementia is the seventh leading cause of death among all diseases worldwide. Concerningly, stigma is still a major barrier to diagnosis, with the World Alzheimer Report survey revealing that one in three clinicians believe that nothing can be done, making diagnosis futile.
Paola Barbarino, ADI CEO, says that 鈥渓ack of awareness and stigma within healthcare systems is hampering efforts to support people living with dementia."
鈥淭his misinformation in our healthcare systems, along with a lack of trained specialists and readily available diagnosis tools, have contributed to alarmingly low diagnosis rates,鈥� says Barbarino. 鈥淲e need healthcare systems across the globe to ensure that their national dementia plan includes specialist dementia training and adequate diagnostic equipment.鈥�
鈥淔or over 20 years, we have been calling on world government to implement national dementia plans, and frankly, progress has been too slow,鈥� says Barbarino. 鈥淣ow the tide has turned, and demand is set to skyrocket. Governments must respond now.鈥�
The WHO global action plan on dementia stipulated that half of countries should be diagnosing 50 percent of the expected number of those living with dementia; however, ADI data suggests that the diagnosis rates in member states could be as low as 25 percent in HICs and 10 percent in LMICs.
Furthermore, 90 percent of clinicians identified additional delays and wait times for providing diagnosis due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Just one in three people with dementia and their caregivers have had in-person access to a clinician throughout the pandemic.
Emily Ong, a woman from Singapore living with dementia and member of Dementia Alliance International, says that diagnosis is an incredibly important part of the journey for people with dementia and needs to be done right.
鈥淢y initial diagnosis period was very difficult. I was provided with nothing except being told to come back in six months鈥� time,鈥� says Ong. 鈥淲ithout support, my family and I had to figure out what young-onset dementia is and how it would impact my family and me. I was robbed of hope twice, once during the diagnosis and the second time through the absence of support after the diagnosis.鈥�
Current dementia diagnostic methods are notoriously complex, involving expensive PET or MRI scans, or spinal fluid tests. The resources for these diagnostic methods, and the specialist healthcare professionals trained to provide these services, are in limited supply around the world.
Three in four clinicians ranked the increasing number of people seeking a diagnosis, as global populations age, as a major challenge in the future, followed by people seeking diagnosis due to self-testing.
Barbarino says that this shows that it鈥檚 more important than ever for world governments to be planning appropriately for the oncoming dementia diagnosis demand.
鈥淧eople with dementia have a right to know their diagnosis, so they can know what to do next,鈥� says Barbarino. 鈥淭his is a progressive disease, and figures are growing every year. There is a perfect storm gathering on the horizon and governments all over the world should get to grips with it.鈥�
Source: Joint press release, Alzheimer's Disease International and 不良研究所, September 21, 2021.
Media Contacts
To request interviews with Alzheimer's Disease International:
Tori Levy
Mana Communications
T: +64 (0)27 858 1884 / E: tl [at] manacommunications.com
Caleb Hulme-Moir
Mana Communications
T: +64 (0)22 069 8065 / E: chm [at] manacommunications.com
To request interviews with the 不良研究所 co-editors of this report,聽Drs. Serge Gauthier, Pedro Rosa-Neto, Jos茅 A. Morais and Ms. Claire Webster, please contact:
Diane Weidner
不良研究所
T: 514-264-4361 / E: diane.weidner [at] mcgill.ca
